Success: notice when nominalisation hides an actor, then revise with a named actor or honest uncertainty. (AC9E8LA06, AC9E8LY06)
- Hear · 2 min. Compare “A decision was made to raise prices” and “The club raised prices.” Ask what the first hides.
- Model · 4 min. Circle “decision” as a noun made from “decide”; the fictional flyer does not actually name who set the plan. Rewrite “The club set these model prices” only because Text A says the club drafted the flyer; do not invent a named manager.
- Guided repair · 5 min. Turn “The removal of the bus shelter was proposed” into “The fictional post proposes removing the shelter.” Ask how responsibility becomes clearer.
- Independent edit · 7 min. Learners annotate two sentences, one from Text A or B and one teacher sentence: “Approval of the new price was announced.” They revise the teacher sentence without inventing an actor, for example: “Someone announced approval, but the sentence does not say who approved the price.”
- Tone test · 4 min. Pairs compare effect: does naming the actor make a claim more accountable? When can an impersonal form be useful?
- Exit · 3 min. “Who proposes removing the shelter in Text B?” Key: the fictional School Travel Group post, not necessarily the school.