Target: comprehend sovereignty in Article II while separating state authority from individual freedom. Prepare: Card C, source compass and claim ladder.
- Launch · 2 min. Ask who “state” refers to in Article II: a government or each person?
- Model · 4 min. Read the short Article II excerpt. Paraphrase: states keep powers unless delegated. Mark adopted 1777 and ratified by 1781.
- Guided reading · 5 min. Ask “Would this phrase alone prove an enslaved person's freedom?” Answer no: institutional structure differs from lived rights.
- Practice route · 7 min. Choose a Day 6 route. Build a claim/evidence/limit triple for C and compare one use with A.
- Audit · 4 min. Partner asserts C is a personal bill of rights; learner names its makers and document type to correct scope.
- Exit · 3 min. “What does ‘retains’ imply?” Key: the states keep named powers not expressly delegated; check full text for exceptions.